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Comparison of Public Key Cryptography in Different Security Level Authors: Zarni Sann, Thi Thi Soe, Khaing Myat Nwe Abstract- Information security is one of the key challenges in data communication. For secure information communication over public network, different cryptographic methods are applied. There have many public key cryptography systems and they have difference performance. This system proposes the performance of the three public key cryptography systems: RSA (Rivest Shamir Adelman), ElGamal and ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography) by comparing encryption and decryption messages. This paper presents the implementation and comparison of RSA, Elgamal and ECC for variable text files sizes. Our goal is to calculate encryption time, decryption time, and key size based on different file size for each algorithm to identify which algorithms outperforms others in term of evaluation parameters. Keywords: Key generation, Encryption, Decryption, RSA, ElGamal, ECC References- [1] Anita Ganpati, Narender Tyagi, A Survey of Different Public-Key Cryptosystems, International Journal of Computer Science Trends and Technology (IJCST) – Volume 3 Issue 6, Nov-Dec 2015 [2] B.Arrendondo and N. Jansma, ―Performance Comparison of Elliptic Curve and RSA Digital Signatures‖, April 28, 2004. [3] I. Blake, G. Seroussi and N. Smart, Elliptic Curves in Cryptograph, Cambridge University Press, 1999 [4] J. Loikkanen and P. Karu, ―Practical Comparison of Fast Public-key Cryptosystems‖, Helsinki University of Technology, 2000. [5] P. Riikonen,―RSA Algorithm‖, April 28, 2004. http://iki.fi/priikone/docs/rsa.pdf [6] Shaina Arora, Pooja, Enhancing Cryptographic Security using Novel Approach based on Enhanced-RSA and Elamal: Analysis and Comparison, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 112 – No 13, February 2015 [7] Sougata Khatua and N.Ch.S.N. Iyengar, Analyzing the Security System Applied in E-Shopping System Using Elliptic Curve Cryptography, International Journal of Latest Trends in Computing (E-ISSN: 2045-5364) Volume 2, Issue 2, June 2011 [8] W. Stallings, Cryptography and Network Security, Prentice Hall, Second Edition, 1998. |
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Optimization of Leaf Spring Parameters Using Taguchi’s DoE Authors: Dr. J. Kingston Barnabas Abstract- The design of the leaf spring is the one of the important unit in automotive design. The leaf spring absorbs heavy vertical loads in order to give smooth and comfort ride to the passengers. In the present day, automobile industries have shown an interest to reduce the weight of vehicle components as people are showing interest to have the vehicle with very good mileage. The objective of this present work is to compare the deformation of modified model of leaf spring with conventional leaf spring. Modeling of Leaf Spring is performed with SOLIDWORKS and structural analysis of the leaf spring is carried out using ANSYS 18.1.The light commercial vehicle (TATA ACE) leaf spring is taken for the analysis. In this work, it is decided to vary various design parameters of the leaf spring and to analyze the effects of those parameters in deformation. The various parameters selected are materials, number of leaves and length of leaves. Each parameter is varied to three levels. As per L9 orthogonal array, the maximum deformation in the leaf spring is obtained from ANSYS analysis for nine test conditions. The best levels of selected leaf spring parameters for minimizing deformation is identified by using Taguchi’s Design of Experiments. Analysis of Variance is used to analyze the influence of selected parameters on deformation of leaf spring. The effect of individual parameters as well as interactions between the selected leaf spring parameters on the deformation is analyzed using regression analysis (both linear and non linear). Finally, experiment for validation has been carried out with obtained best levels of leaf spring design parameters and the value of deformation is obtained. Keywords: Composite Leaf Spring, Deformation, Taguchi’s DoE, Regression Analysis, ANOVA. References- [1] Arther Clive, A. 2018. Design and analysis of composite leaf spring. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 5(6), 3055–3062. [2] Syambabu Nutalapati. 2015. Design and analysis of leaf spring by using composite material for light vehicles. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 6(12), 36-59. [3] Ajay B.K., Mandar Gophane, Baskar P. 2014. Design and analysis of leaf spring with different arrangements of composite leaves with steel leaves. International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 11(2), 88-92. [4] Anandkumar A. Satpute, Prof. S. S. Chavan,. 2013. Mono Composite Leaf Spring –Design and Testing‖, Indian Journal of Applied Research, 3(7), 282-284. [5] Ashish V. Amrute, Edward Nikhil karlus and Rathore, R.K. 2013. Design and Assessment of Multi leaf spring. International Journal of Research in Aeronautical and Mechanical Engineering, 1(7), 2321-3051. [6] Anup P. Patil and Marlapalle B.G. 2017. A review paper on comparative study of conventional and composite leaf spring for light weight vehicle. International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research, 6(7), 1125-1128. [7] Joo-teck Jeffrey KUEH, Tarlochan FARIS. 2012 Finite element analysis on the static and fatigue characteristics of composite multi-leaf spring. Journal of Zhejiang University- Science, 13(3), 159-164. [8] Bandi Manasa and Lokanadham L. 2017. Design and analysis of composite leaf spring by using CATIA and ANSYS. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 4(9), 634-639. [9] Malaga. Anilkumar, T. N. Charyulu, Ch. Ramesh. 2012. Design Optimization Of Leaf Spring. International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 2(6), 759-765. [10] Pankaj Saini, Ashish Goel, Dushyant Kumar. 2013. Design andanalysis of composite leaf spring for light vehicles. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology, 2(5), 1-10. [11] Santhosh Kumar Y.N.V. and Vimal Teja M. 2012. Design and Analysis of Composite Leaf Spring, International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 2(1), 97-100. [12] Trivedi Achyut V. and Bhoraniya R.M. 2015. Static and dynamic analysis of automobile leaf spring [TATA ACE]. International Journal of Science Technology &Engineering, 1(11), 151-156. [13] Yogesh Nikam, Dr.Avinash Badadhe. 2016. Design analysis and failure modes of leaf spring. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 3(10), 1271-1276. [14] A.P. Ghodake and K.N. Patil, ―Analysis of steel and composite leaf spring for vehicle‖, Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, 5(4), 2013, pp. 68-76. [15] Manjit Lakra, Mukesh Sahu, Khandelwal A.K. and Shrivas S.P. 2017. Analysis and optimization of leaf spring materials in CAD software‖ Journal of Scientific Research in Allied Sciences, 6(3), 429-434. [16] Lydia Mahanthi D. and Venkata Siva Murali. 2017. Design and analysis of composite leaf spring for light weight vehicle. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 4(3), 147-152. [17] Gayatri J. Abhyankar, Vaibhav Holkar, Bhiva Malkar, Ganesh Sutar and Rajesh Teli. 2017. Design analysis and experimental investigation of composite leaf spring. International Journal of Recent trends in Engineering & Research, 3(5), 350-358. [18] Ramanareddy D.V., Subbaratnam B. Manoj Kumar E. and Perala Kalyan Praneeth. 2017. Design and analysis of composite leaf spring. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 8(6), 494-500. [19] Prasad P. Kunzarkar and Tushar V. Gukrathi. 2018. A review on Automotive car composite leaf spring design and optimization. International Journal of Recent Development in Engineering and Technology, 7(4), 1-4. [20] William Mendenhall, Robert J. Beaver, Barbara M. Beaver. 2009. Probability and Statistics. Cengage learning India Pvt. Ltd., 377-416. [21] Ronald E Walpole, Raymond H Myers, Sharon L Myers and Keying Ye. 2009. Probability & Statistics for Engineers & Scientists. Pearson Education, 439. [22] Fnides B., Yallese M.A., Mabrouki T. and Rigal J.F. 2011. Application of response surface methodology for determining cutting force model in turning hardened AISI H11 hot work tool steel. Indian Academy of Sciences, 36, 109-123. [23] Harry Frank and Steven C. Althoen. 1995. Statistics Concepts and applications. Cambridge Low Price Edition, 730-743. |
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Soil characteristics and crop suitability of sandy soils in Jharkhand, India Authors: Shipra Joseph, Sandhya Joseph
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