IJRDET - Proceedings

1.

Dielectric Properties of Transparent CdS Nanofibers Synthesized Via Dc-Sputtering Technique

Author: Pradip Kumar Ghosh

Abstract- CdS nanofibers have been prepared by direct current-sputtering technique without using any catalyst or matrix. X-ray diffraction patterns and selected area electron diffraction patterns confirmed the cubic CdS phase formation in the thin films although; the initial target material was hexagonal CdS powder. TEM micrographs have confirmed the nanofiber formation with diameters in the range 2 - 4.3 nm and length a few microns. XRD patterns showed the crystal size increased with the increase of deposition time. UVVis spectra of the films have showed nearly 90 % transparency in the visible range and bandgap is higher compared to that of the bulk material. The direct bandgap increased from 3.06 eV to 3.56 eV with decrease of deposition time 20 to 7 min. The crystallite sizes have also been determined from the shift of direct bandgap with that of bulk CdS and they lie in the range 2.82 - 3.65 nm. The dielectric constant for thin films of CdS nanofibers have been measured under vacuum by using an L-C-R meter and the value of it lies in the range 55 to 73 at higher frequencies.

Keywords- CdS nanofibres; Dc-sputtering; Nanostructural; Optical, Dielectric properties

References-

[1] Y. Q. Gao and Y. Bando, Nature 415 (2002) 599.

[2] J. Bahadur, S. Agrawal, V. Panwar, A. Parveen, K. Pal, Macromolecular Research. (2016) 1–6.

[3] S. Agrawal, A. Parveen, A. Azam, Mater. Lett. 168 (2016) 125–128.

[4] S. Agrawal, A. Parveen, A. Azam, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 414 (2016) 144–152.

[5] R.K. Duchaniya, Int. J. Mining, Metall. Mech. Eng. 2 (2014) 54–56.

[6] A. Hasnat and J. Podder Journal Scientific Research, 4 (1), 11-19 (2012)

[7] Penchal Reddy, B.C. Jamalaiah, I.G. Kim, D.S. Yoo1, K.V. Siva Kumar, R. Ramakrishna Reddy, Adv. Mat. Lett. 4(8) (2013) 621-625.

[8] Salunke Pooja, Jain Preeti, Int. J. Res. Chem. Environ. Vol. 5 (2015) 22-25.

[9] Sagadevan Suresh, Appl Nanosci 4 (2014) 325–329

[10] S. Bhattacharya, S. K. Saha, D. Chakravorty, Apl. Phys. Lett. 76 (26) (2000) 3896.

[11] S. Bhattacharya, S. K. Saha, D. Chakravorty, Apl. Phys. Lett. 77 (23) (2000) 3770.

[12] Xue D, Kitamura K , Solid State Commun 122 (2002) 537-541.

[13] Sagadevan Suresh, International Journal of Physical Sciences, Vol. 8(21) (2013)1121-1127.

[14] J.C.P.D.S. Powder Diffraction File Card 06 - 0314.

[15] Optical Processes in Semiconductors, Pankove, Prentice-Hall.Inc., 1971.

[16] A.D. Yoffe, Adv. In Phys. 42 (1993) 173.

[17] Landolt–Bronstein, Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology, vol. 22a, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1987, p. 168.

1-6

2.

Dynamic Modeling of Induction Machine Incorporating Transmission Line Impedance

Authors: E. J Akpama, K. M. Udoka, O. I. Okoro

Abstract- Induction motors are widely used mostly in the industry for process control. It has almost replaced the dc motor due to its simplicity in construction, reliability, efficiency and simple methods of speed control mostly the present hi-tech microprocessors. Other advantages include; low initial cost, easy operation and simple maintenance. A good mathematical model is therefore required in predicting the behavior of the induction machine under different dynamic conditions. In this paper, the effect of incorporating transmission line impedances in the modeling of the dynamic of the induction motor is investigated and the result deduced. A commercial software package, MATLAB, is used to simulate the dynamic behavior of a three phase 7.5kW induction motor with and without transmission line impedance. Results of the simulation of the conventional machine model are compared with the results of the simulation of the machine model with transmission line impedance.

Keywords- Dynamic analysis, Induction motor, MATLAB, Transmission line impedance.

References-

[1] J.R. Smith, “Response Analysis of A.C. Electrical MachinesComputer Models and Simulation”. John Wiley and Sons Inc, New-York, 1990.

[2] M.K.Arya and S. Wadhwani, “Transient Analysis of three phase Squirrel Cage Induction Machine using Matlab”, International Journal of Engineering Research and applications (IJERA) vol.1, issue 3, pp.918-922.

[3] E.J. Akpama and O.I.Okoro, “Simulating Asynchronous Machine with Saturation effect”, Proceedings of ESPTAEE 2008 National Conference, University of Nigeria Nsukka, pp130-135, June 2008.

[4] H.K.Patel, “Steady state and Transient Performance Analysis of Three Phase Induction Machine using MATLAB simulations”, International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, Vol. 1, No3. May 2009.

[5] O.I. Okoro, B. Weidemann and B. R. Oswald, “Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of Squirrel-cage asynchronous Machine with non-linear effects”, Rev cienc.exatas, Taubate. V.12.n.1,p.71-77,2006.

[6] T. Senjyu, N Sueyoshi, K. Uezato and H. Fujita, “Stability analysis of wind power generating system”, Proceedings of the power conversion conference-Osaka 2002, Vol.3 no 3, pp.1441- 1446, 2-5 April 2002.

[7] V. Akhmatov, H. Knudsen, A.H.Nielsen, J.K.Pedersen, and N.K.Poulsen, “An aggregate model of a grid-connected, large scale, offshore wind farm for power stability investigationsimportance of windmill mechanical system”, International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol.24, no.9, pp.709- 717, 2002.

[8] V. Akhmatov, H. Kmudsen, A.H.Nielsen, J.K. Pedersen, and N.K. Poulsen, “Modeling and transient stability of large wind Farms”, International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol.25, no.2, pp.123-144, 2003.

[9] Fan, Y Wang and Q Chao, “Wind-hydro hybrid Power System Stability analysis”, Proceedings of the fifth International Conference on Electrical Machine and Systems, vol.1. no.1, pp.628-632, 18-20 Aug. 2001.

[10] P.C. Krause, “Analysis of electric Machinery”. M.C. Grawhill book Inc USA, 1986.

[11] K.L.Shi, T.F. Chan, Y.K. Wong and S.L. Ho, “Modeling and Simulation of the Three –Phase Induction Motor”, Int.j.elect.Educ., Vol. 36,pp.163-172. Manchester U.P. , 1999.

[12] R. Kerman, D.Leggate and G. Skibinski, “Interaction of Drive Modulation & Cable Parameters on AC Motor Transients”, Rockwell Automation-Allen Bradley, Mequon,1998.

[13] K.C. Divya and P.S.N. Rao, “Study of dynamic behavior of grid connected induction generators”, IEEE Power Engineering Society General meeting Colorado USA, vol.2, 2200-2205, 6-10 June 2004.

[14] O.I. Okoro, “MATLAB Simulation of Induction Machine with Saturable Leakage and Magnetizing Inductances”, Pacific Journal of Science and Technology. Vol.5, No.(1),pp 5-15, 2004.

[15] E.J. Akpama, “Dynamic Analysis of Induction Machine with Saturation Effect”, M.ENG Thesis,University of Nigeria Nsukka, March 2008.

7-13

3.

Outrigger Ships: Two Concept Designs.

Author: Victor A. Dubrovsky

Abstract- Brief description of multi-hull ship types, specificity of ships with outriggers, selected (as the base of comparison) built outrigger ship, concept designs of two type of outrigger ships: with traditional and with small water-plane area main hulls.

References-

[1] Dubrovsky, V., “Specificity and designing of multi-hull ships and boats”, 2016, Nova Science Publishers, ISBN 9781634846158, USA, 210 p.

[2] Dubrovsky, V., Matveev, K., Sutulo, S., “Ships with small waterplane area”, 2007, Backbone Publishing Co., ISBN-13978- 09742019-3-1, Hoboken, USA, 256 p.

[3] Dubrovsky, V., “Ships with outriggers”, 2004, ISBN 0-9742019-0-1, Backbone Publishing Co., Fair Lawn, USA, 88 p.

[4] Dubrovsky. V, Lyakhovitsky, A., “Multi-hull ships”, 2001, ISBN 0-9644311-2-2, Backbone Publishing Co., Fair Lawn, USA, 495

14-18

4.

BlockChain Technology and its Applications

Authors: Pradeep Yadav, Seema Yadav

Abstract- A blockchain is basically a distributed database of records or open record all things considered or advanced occasions that have been executed and shared among taking an interest parties. A blockchain originally block chain is a growing list of records, called blocks, which are linked using cryptography. Each block contains a cryptographic hash of the previous block,a timestamp, and transaction data. Every exchange in the open record is checked by accord of a lion's share of the members in the framework. What's more, once entered, data can never be deleted. The blockchain contains a certain and obvious record of each and every exchange at any point made. Bitcoin, the decentralized companion to peer computerized cash, is the most mainstream precedent that utilizes blockchain innovation.

References-

[1] Michael Crosby, Google Nachiappan, Yahoo Pradhan Pattanayak,Yahoo Sanjeev Verma, Samsung Research America Vignesh Kalyanaraman,Fairchild Semiconductor BlockChain Technology October 2015

[2] Zibin Zheng, Shaoan Xie, Hongning Dai, Xiangping Chen, and Huaimin Wang, An Overview of Blockchain Technology, IEEE 2017 ICC

[3] ―State of blockchain q1 2016: Blockchain funding overtakes bitcoin,‖ 2016. [Online]. Available: http://www.coindesk.com/ state-of-blockchain-q1-2016/

[4] G. Foroglou and A.-L. Tsilidou, ―Further applications of the blockchain,‖ 2015

14-18

S.No.	Volume 7, Issue 6, June 2018	Page No.
1.	Dielectric Properties of Transparent CdS Nanofibers Synthesized Via Dc-Sputtering Technique Author: Pradip Kumar Ghosh Abstract- CdS nanofibers have been prepared by direct current-sputtering technique without using any catalyst or matrix. X-ray diffraction patterns and selected area electron diffraction patterns confirmed the cubic CdS phase formation in the thin films although; the initial target material was hexagonal CdS powder. TEM micrographs have confirmed the nanofiber formation with diameters in the range 2 - 4.3 nm and length a few microns. XRD patterns showed the crystal size increased with the increase of deposition time. UVVis spectra of the films have showed nearly 90 % transparency in the visible range and bandgap is higher compared to that of the bulk material. The direct bandgap increased from 3.06 eV to 3.56 eV with decrease of deposition time 20 to 7 min. The crystallite sizes have also been determined from the shift of direct bandgap with that of bulk CdS and they lie in the range 2.82 - 3.65 nm. The dielectric constant for thin films of CdS nanofibers have been measured under vacuum by using an L-C-R meter and the value of it lies in the range 55 to 73 at higher frequencies. Keywords- CdS nanofibres; Dc-sputtering; Nanostructural; Optical, Dielectric properties References- [1] Y. Q. Gao and Y. Bando, Nature 415 (2002) 599. [2] J. Bahadur, S. Agrawal, V. Panwar, A. Parveen, K. Pal, Macromolecular Research. (2016) 1–6. [3] S. Agrawal, A. Parveen, A. Azam, Mater. Lett. 168 (2016) 125–128. [4] S. Agrawal, A. Parveen, A. Azam, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 414 (2016) 144–152. [5] R.K. Duchaniya, Int. J. Mining, Metall. Mech. Eng. 2 (2014) 54–56. [6] A. Hasnat and J. Podder Journal Scientific Research, 4 (1), 11-19 (2012) [7] Penchal Reddy, B.C. Jamalaiah, I.G. Kim, D.S. Yoo1, K.V. Siva Kumar, R. Ramakrishna Reddy, Adv. Mat. Lett. 4(8) (2013) 621-625. [8] Salunke Pooja, Jain Preeti, Int. J. Res. Chem. Environ. Vol. 5 (2015) 22-25. [9] Sagadevan Suresh, Appl Nanosci 4 (2014) 325–329 [10] S. Bhattacharya, S. K. Saha, D. Chakravorty, Apl. Phys. Lett. 76 (26) (2000) 3896. [11] S. Bhattacharya, S. K. Saha, D. Chakravorty, Apl. Phys. Lett. 77 (23) (2000) 3770. [12] Xue D, Kitamura K , Solid State Commun 122 (2002) 537-541. [13] Sagadevan Suresh, International Journal of Physical Sciences, Vol. 8(21) (2013)1121-1127. [14] J.C.P.D.S. Powder Diffraction File Card 06 - 0314. [15] Optical Processes in Semiconductors, Pankove, Prentice-Hall.Inc., 1971. [16] A.D. Yoffe, Adv. In Phys. 42 (1993) 173. [17] Landolt–Bronstein, Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology, vol. 22a, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1987, p. 168.	1-6
2.	Dynamic Modeling of Induction Machine Incorporating Transmission Line Impedance Authors: E. J Akpama, K. M. Udoka, O. I. Okoro Abstract- Induction motors are widely used mostly in the industry for process control. It has almost replaced the dc motor due to its simplicity in construction, reliability, efficiency and simple methods of speed control mostly the present hi-tech microprocessors. Other advantages include; low initial cost, easy operation and simple maintenance. A good mathematical model is therefore required in predicting the behavior of the induction machine under different dynamic conditions. In this paper, the effect of incorporating transmission line impedances in the modeling of the dynamic of the induction motor is investigated and the result deduced. A commercial software package, MATLAB, is used to simulate the dynamic behavior of a three phase 7.5kW induction motor with and without transmission line impedance. Results of the simulation of the conventional machine model are compared with the results of the simulation of the machine model with transmission line impedance. Keywords- Dynamic analysis, Induction motor, MATLAB, Transmission line impedance. References- [1] J.R. Smith, “Response Analysis of A.C. Electrical MachinesComputer Models and Simulation”. John Wiley and Sons Inc, New-York, 1990. [2] M.K.Arya and S. Wadhwani, “Transient Analysis of three phase Squirrel Cage Induction Machine using Matlab”, International Journal of Engineering Research and applications (IJERA) vol.1, issue 3, pp.918-922. [3] E.J. Akpama and O.I.Okoro, “Simulating Asynchronous Machine with Saturation effect”, Proceedings of ESPTAEE 2008 National Conference, University of Nigeria Nsukka, pp130-135, June 2008. [4] H.K.Patel, “Steady state and Transient Performance Analysis of Three Phase Induction Machine using MATLAB simulations”, International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, Vol. 1, No3. May 2009. [5] O.I. Okoro, B. Weidemann and B. R. Oswald, “Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of Squirrel-cage asynchronous Machine with non-linear effects”, Rev cienc.exatas, Taubate. V.12.n.1,p.71-77,2006. [6] T. Senjyu, N Sueyoshi, K. Uezato and H. Fujita, “Stability analysis of wind power generating system”, Proceedings of the power conversion conference-Osaka 2002, Vol.3 no 3, pp.1441- 1446, 2-5 April 2002. [7] V. Akhmatov, H. Knudsen, A.H.Nielsen, J.K.Pedersen, and N.K.Poulsen, “An aggregate model of a grid-connected, large scale, offshore wind farm for power stability investigationsimportance of windmill mechanical system”, International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol.24, no.9, pp.709- 717, 2002. [8] V. Akhmatov, H. Kmudsen, A.H.Nielsen, J.K. Pedersen, and N.K. Poulsen, “Modeling and transient stability of large wind Farms”, International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol.25, no.2, pp.123-144, 2003. [9] Fan, Y Wang and Q Chao, “Wind-hydro hybrid Power System Stability analysis”, Proceedings of the fifth International Conference on Electrical Machine and Systems, vol.1. no.1, pp.628-632, 18-20 Aug. 2001. [10] P.C. Krause, “Analysis of electric Machinery”. M.C. Grawhill book Inc USA, 1986. [11] K.L.Shi, T.F. Chan, Y.K. Wong and S.L. Ho, “Modeling and Simulation of the Three –Phase Induction Motor”, Int.j.elect.Educ., Vol. 36,pp.163-172. Manchester U.P. , 1999. [12] R. Kerman, D.Leggate and G. Skibinski, “Interaction of Drive Modulation & Cable Parameters on AC Motor Transients”, Rockwell Automation-Allen Bradley, Mequon,1998. [13] K.C. Divya and P.S.N. Rao, “Study of dynamic behavior of grid connected induction generators”, IEEE Power Engineering Society General meeting Colorado USA, vol.2, 2200-2205, 6-10 June 2004. [14] O.I. Okoro, “MATLAB Simulation of Induction Machine with Saturable Leakage and Magnetizing Inductances”, Pacific Journal of Science and Technology. Vol.5, No.(1),pp 5-15, 2004. [15] E.J. Akpama, “Dynamic Analysis of Induction Machine with Saturation Effect”, M.ENG Thesis,University of Nigeria Nsukka, March 2008.	7-13
3.	Outrigger Ships: Two Concept Designs. Author: Victor A. Dubrovsky Abstract- Brief description of multi-hull ship types, specificity of ships with outriggers, selected (as the base of comparison) built outrigger ship, concept designs of two type of outrigger ships: with traditional and with small water-plane area main hulls. References- [1] Dubrovsky, V., “Specificity and designing of multi-hull ships and boats”, 2016, Nova Science Publishers, ISBN 9781634846158, USA, 210 p. [2] Dubrovsky, V., Matveev, K., Sutulo, S., “Ships with small waterplane area”, 2007, Backbone Publishing Co., ISBN-13978- 09742019-3-1, Hoboken, USA, 256 p. [3] Dubrovsky, V., “Ships with outriggers”, 2004, ISBN 0-9742019-0-1, Backbone Publishing Co., Fair Lawn, USA, 88 p. [4] Dubrovsky. V, Lyakhovitsky, A., “Multi-hull ships”, 2001, ISBN 0-9644311-2-2, Backbone Publishing Co., Fair Lawn, USA, 495	14-18
4.	BlockChain Technology and its Applications Authors: Pradeep Yadav, Seema Yadav Abstract- A blockchain is basically a distributed database of records or open record all things considered or advanced occasions that have been executed and shared among taking an interest parties. A blockchain originally block chain is a growing list of records, called blocks, which are linked using cryptography. Each block contains a cryptographic hash of the previous block,a timestamp, and transaction data. Every exchange in the open record is checked by accord of a lion's share of the members in the framework. What's more, once entered, data can never be deleted. The blockchain contains a certain and obvious record of each and every exchange at any point made. Bitcoin, the decentralized companion to peer computerized cash, is the most mainstream precedent that utilizes blockchain innovation. References- [1] Michael Crosby, Google Nachiappan, Yahoo Pradhan Pattanayak,Yahoo Sanjeev Verma, Samsung Research America Vignesh Kalyanaraman,Fairchild Semiconductor BlockChain Technology October 2015 [2] Zibin Zheng, Shaoan Xie, Hongning Dai, Xiangping Chen, and Huaimin Wang, An Overview of Blockchain Technology, IEEE 2017 ICC [3] ―State of blockchain q1 2016: Blockchain funding overtakes bitcoin,‖ 2016. [Online]. Available: http://www.coindesk.com/ state-of-blockchain-q1-2016/ [4] G. Foroglou and A.-L. Tsilidou, ―Further applications of the blockchain,‖ 2015	14-18