Control of Maize Fungal Diseases using Essential Oils Extracted from Rosemary and Eucalyptus in Egerton University Main Campus Njoro, Kenya

Authorsr: Paul Njenga Waithaka, Eliud Mugu Gathuru, Benson Muriuki Githaiga, Jane Wanjiru Muthoni

Abstract- Maize fungal pathogens pose a big risk to human life today. Some fungal pathogens have been linked with triggering tumorous growth in human cells. The present study was meant to isolate common fungal pathogens of stored maize grains and testing their sensitivity to essential oils extracted from rosemary and eucalyptus. The fungal pathogens isolated using potato dextrose agar and characterised using cultural, morphological and biochemical assays. Sensitivity to essential oils was carried out using perpendicular method. The most common fungal pathogens were identified as Aspergillus spp. (42%), Penicillium spp. (25%), Fusarium spp. (20%), and Helminthosporium spp. (13%). In extraction of essential oils, there was a relationship between heating time and yield of essential oils in rosemary (r=0.99) and leaves (r=0.99). Conversely, there was no significant difference in the amount of essential oils produced by rosemary and eucalyptus (P=0.08). However, there was a significant difference growth inhibition of the fungal pathogens by essential oils from rosemary and eucalyptus (P=0.000407). The most prevalent fungal pathogens in maize seeds are Fusarium spp, Helminthosporiun spp, Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp. Rosemary and eucalyptus spp. produce essentials oils that are capable of controlling maize fungal pathogens. There is need to properly store maize to avoid fungal contamination which can lead to fatal human illnesses. In addition, the extraction of essential oils in large scale is highly recommendation.

Key Word- Egerton, Essential oils, Eucalyptus, Maize fungal diseases, Rosemary, Njoro.

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Sub-1 GHz Frequency Spectrum Utilization in India

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An Overview on Important Transboundary Diseases of Animals: An Editorial

Author: Subha Ganguly

Abstract- Transboundary animal diseases are of huge concern in global trade of animals and animal products. These diseases occupy a significant socioeconomic importance and can spread across International borders. These diseases are also associated with severe public health hazards.

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Pre-recognition of Student Academic Failure using Data Mining Techniques

Author: Agrawal Bhawana D

Abstract— This paper propounds to apply data mining techniques to pre-recognize failure of engineering students. We use real data on engineering students from Aurangabad, Maharashtra and apply white box classification methods such as induction rules and decision trees. The result of these algorithms are compared and used for predicating which student might fail in future. We have considered all the available attributes of student’s first, and then select few best attributes and finally, rebalance data using classification algorithms. The outcomes are compared and the best results are shown. In these ways, use of data mining in the field of education is called education data mining EDM [1].

Keywords— Classification, educational data mining (EDM), prediction, Decision Trees, Induction Rules, Rebalancing Data, Classification Algorithms.

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A Review on Transient Heat Flow Analysis of Cold Plate Used in Electronic Power Cooling Systems

Authors: S. K. Bhalerao, Dr. S. I. Kolhe

Abstract- Water cooling is the technology used for industries to remove heat from devices including mechanical, electronic, and applied domain with the help of cold plates in condenser type devices. Today the application of water cooling is not only for mechanical but also it can be applied to electronic applications. Normally electronic applications having VLSI systems, Due to transmission of electrical properties sometimes the temperature of the electrical circuit plate goes more than designed level. The electronic applications may fail in operation because of this excess temperature. Normally the designed temperature for electronic applications ranges to 900C. So, provision is needed to control temperature for safety regulation of electronic work. The paper presents literature on transient heat flow analysis through cold plate. Several researches from researchers have been discussed here. The concept of transient heat flow is discussed with example of cold plate made in CATIA V5R19 and analyze in ANSYS software.

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