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Authors: R. Chitra, Manish Gupta, Shahid Noor Abstract— Subarnarekha multipurpose river valley project is an interstate project which will benefit Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal. Subarnarekha main canal is the life line of the interstate Subarnarekha irrigation project serving as the main water conductor that feeds the command area reservoirs for distribution and catering to its own command. The length of the Subarnarekha main canal in Odisha state is 46.5 km. The canal is not in operation though the construction of the canal stretches are almost complete due to the slope failure at a 770 m long stretch which has held back the scheme completion and consequently realization of envisaged benefits. The reach has repeatedly encountered canal side slope failures, though different side slopes have been attempted and number of remedial measures have been tried to resolve this problem. All the attempts made have been proved unsuccessful. In order to find a complete solution to the problem of slope failure, detailed geotechnical investigations were carried out by CSMRS doubting the presence of problematic soils in the failure reaches. The study revealed that the presence of expansive soils in the problematic reaches was the reason for the failure of slopes. In order bring the canal in to action, a solution by way of replacing the expansive soils in the problematic reaches were suggested and the optimum amount of available materials in the vicinity of the project site was studied. The paper describes the problems and presents the outcome of the geotechnical investigations on the blended soil mixtures as a solution to a failure reaches carried out by CSMRS. Keywords— Geotechnical Investigation, Expansive Soil, Dispersive Soil, Blended Soil Mixture, Soil Permeability. References- [1] Chitra, R., and Manish Gupta (2006), Stabilization Techniques for Expansive Soils, National Conference on Corrective Engineering Practices in Troublesome Soils, 8-9 July 2006, Kakinada. [2] Chitra, R., Manish Gupta and Shahid Noor (2016), Geotechnical Investigations for the Failure Reaches of the Main Canal of Subarnarekha Irrigation Project, International Journal of Innovations in Engineering Research and Technology, Volume-3, Issue-2 February 2016. pp. 1-10. [3] CSMRS (1995), ―State-of-art Report on Characterization of Expansive Soil and Remedial Measure‖. [4] CSMRS (2013), Report on the visit to the problematic reach of Subarnarekha main canal from RD 7950 to RD 8720 m of Subarnarekha Irrigation Project, Odisha during 5th to 8th November 2013, Report No.: 11/Soil-I/CSMRS/E/11/2013, November 2013. [5] CSMRS (2014), Report on Geotechnical Investigations on Problematic Reach of Subarnarekha Main Canal from RD 7950 m To RD 8720 m of Subarnarekha Irrigation Project, Odisha, Report No. 04/Soil-I/CSMRS/E/04/2014, April 2014. [6] CSMRS (2015), Report on Laboratory Investigations on Blended Soil for Report on Laboratory Investigations on Soil Samples for Replacing Expansive Soil at Problematic Reach of Subarnarekha Main Canal from RD 7950 m to RD 8720 m of Subarnarekha Irrigation Project, Odisha, Report No. 10/Soil-I/CSMRS/E/04/2015, April, 2015. [7] CSMRS (2015), Report on Laboratory Investigations on Blended Soil for Replacing the Expansive Soil at Problematic Reach of Subarnarekha Main Canal from RD 7950 m to RD 8720 m of Subarnarekha Irrigation Project, Odisha, Report No.: 04/SoilI/CSMRS/E/07/2015, July 2015. [8] Web site of Subarnarekha Irrigation Project, Rehabilitation & Resettlement, Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha, http://www.sip-rr.in. |
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Alignment for BSVI Stipulation Moving Towards Carbon Neutral Earth Authors: Dr. S. Rajadurai, Naveen. S Abstract— In the current global scenario, the automotive fraternity is trying to encompass the latest emission regulation to control the ever rising pollution and keep a check on the amount of harmful gases that are emitted to the atmosphere. An immediate and important step towards a cleaner and greener environment in India is the implementation of BS VI emission norms. This can be achieved through engine tuning, in-cylinder treatment and exhaust tuning. According to the Paris protocol 2015, India has agreed to reduce the carbon output and keep global warming below 2 degrees/year. By 2020 India aims at “17%” lower emissions compared to 2017. On an average, 2% reduction per year is expected to achieve the target. Gasoline engine has on an average “20%” higher fuel consumption than diesel which makes diesel application close to mandatory in automotive industry. The diesel emissions control thus becomes an important cog. As per the current study India, on paper, has the toughest CO2 norms as it tries to be on par with the European nations that are already 4 stages ahead by adhering to Euro 6D norms. Based on the profound insight of the existing exhaust system technology portfolio, the exhaust after treatment challenges in the espousal of BS VI norms and solutions are discussed. As India is aggressively moving from BS IV to BS VI, various parameters to support this transition have been discussed in this article. This particular study explores the technology criteria; functional readiness and manufacturing readiness towards implementing the advanced emission norms in India. The solutions to the challenges in development are approached with a structured, strategic glide path which considers both technological innovations as well as optimization of the development process. Keywords— System integration, fuel economy, driving dynamics, emission testing, CO2 reduction, Fuel Efficiency, Vehicle Optimization, After Treatment System, Emission Control References- [1] ECT 2015 | Strategies for Compliance of BS V / BS VI, Ashwin Thondavadi, DGS-ES/EET-IN - Exhaust Gas Treatment & Starting Devices [2] Standing committee on Petroleum & natural gas (2014-15) – National Auto Fuel Policy – 5th Edition [3] Passenger car emission regulations – K. Engeljehringer, AVL List GmbH AVL, Italy Tech Day – 2014, Bologna, 21.10.2014 [4] Anup Bandivadekar, ICCT, Auto Fuel Policy Roadmap for India, September 16, 2015 [5] Advancement Of Fuel Quality And Vehicle Emission Norms To Improve Urban Air Quality In India, The Energy And Research Institute, September 2014 [6] Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 2015: Ministry Of Road Transport And Highways – Notification | New Delhi, 27th November 2015 [7] Perspective On Emissions Standards Roadmap For India And The Industry Preparedness To Leapfrog To Euro 6 Emissions Standards – Alok Trigunayat : Matti Harkonnen : Rajan Bosco, ECOCAT INDAI | 12th March, 2015 [8] Overview Of India’s Vehicle Emissions Control Program – Past Successes And Future Prospects – Gaurav Bansal And Anup Bandivadekar, ICCT |
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Author: Abhishek Choubey
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15-19 |
